The 12 basic forms are called Seitei-Iai (Standard-Iai). They were created by the the Zen Nihon Kendo Renmei (ZNKR = All Japan Kendo Federation or IKF). They are training forms, which include all important sword technics. Seitei-Iai forms will provide the basic education (Kihon).
The first seven forms were released by iai masters of different styles in
1968. In 1980 three katas were added and in 2000 completed by two more
kata.
ZNKR-Iaido is worldwide basis and basic education. So competition
and examination are independent from the styles of different sword arts.
The movements are described in detail by the ZNKR. They will be slightly
changed from time to time. The following description of the kata
includes some
questions for critical checking of your forms. This subserves for
own practice and for iaido dan examination.
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Attention: although the movements of the following katas seems to be easy
please practise iaido kata under guidance of an experienced Iaido-trainer
only and at your own risk (don't try this at home)!
Jump to kata 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12
In the first kata, the swordsman is sitting in a formal kneeling/sitting posture called seiza. Sensing danger from an opposing individual seated in front of him, the swordsman acts with a horizontal strike to the head (through Komekami, the cheek bone, also the eyeline) of his attacker; then, after moving sliding on the knees forward, followed by a lethal overhead cut.
In the second kata, the swordsman is seated in the formal seiza position. He senses an attack from an opposing individual from behind. The swordsman acts by simultaneously drawing his sword and rotating 180°, the swordsman acts with a horizontal strike to the head of his attacker; then, after moving forward, followed by a lethal overhead cut.
In the third kata, the swordsman, while rising to his feet, blocks an enemy's attack in Sen no Sen manner to the head from above, thus having the enemy's blade slide harmlessly to one side. Meanwhile, he turns to the side out of the attackers line (Enbusen) to avoid the strike and get a good position (Seichusen) to counterattack, too. Concept of Enbusen/Seichusen. The swordsman quickly responds with an overhead diagonal cut, to finish his attacker.
In the fourth kata, the swordsman is seated in a posture which allows his right knee to be raised off the ground. This seated posture, called take-hiza, was common for swordsmen who wore full armor, to facilitate standing. The swordsman in this situation is confronted with two attackers, one in front and one in back. Using the butt-end of his sword's hilt (tsuka kashira), the swordsman delivers a temporarily disabling strike to the solar plexus of the attacker in front. He quickly rotates 90° to dispose of his rear attacker with a horizontal thrust of his sword (tsuki), followed by a frontal pivot, to deliver the mortal overhead strike to his original stunned opponent in front.
In the fifth kata, the swordsman is standing in a posture called tachi-iai The swordsman is confronted with an emey whose sword is already drawn overhead and is about to deliver a forward downward cut. In that instant, the defending swordsman gains the initiative with a diagonal rising cut from his attacker's right armpit to left shoulder (the line of the kesa, or month's robe). The defender immediately reverses his blade to deliver a second, diagonally downward cut from his opponent's left shoulder to right hip. Then he step backwards with a hasso kamae (posture the sword on the right side close to the face), followed by a chiburi.
In the sixth kata, the swordsman is defending against two or three enemies, one or two of whom are located in front of the defending swordsman with the other behind him. The swordsman initially delivers a diagonal cut to the right head of the frontal enemy (check Enbusen/Seichusen), immediately converting that action into a two-handed stabbing thrust to the mid-section of the foe. Rotating 180°, the swordsman disposes of his rear attacker with an overhead cut. He quickly returns to this original frontal position to administer a fatal overhead cut to his original wounded foe or possibly a third (hidden) attacker.
Jump to kata 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12